LECTURE 4 OUTLINE - FAULTS AND EARTHQUAKES (updated 07/15/96)
Instructor: Professor Barbara Romanowicz
Director of Seismological Laboratory
Office Hours: Thursday 2-4 pm , upon appointment only
475 Mc Cone Hall
FAULTS AND EARTHQUAKES
References:
Bolt, Earthquakes, Chapters 5,6,Appendix F.
Gere and Shah, Terra Non Firma, Chapter 2.
Richter , Elementary Seismology, Chapters 13,32.
1. Rock Failure
Brittle Fracture
Slow slippage, creep
Fault Gouge
2. Classification of Faults
Strike-slip, dip-slip
thrust, normal, reverse
orientation, geometry
3. Recognition of Faults
Active, inactive faults
Geological markers
Physiographic criteria
Fault trenching and Paleoseismology
Slip Rates on Faults
4. Hazards from fault displacements
from earthquakes
from creep
5. Quantitative description of tectonic Earthquakes
Elastic rebound Theory
Measurements of deformation:
triangulation, trilateration, levelling
Fault rupture/production of seismic waves
Mapping the fault rupture: barriers, asperities
Seismic Moment
Deep earthquakes: physical mechanism