Xiang-Dong Li and Barbara Romanowicz ,"Comparison of global waveform inversions with and without considering cross-branch modal coupling", Geophys. J. Int. (1995) 121, 695-709.

Abstract
In this study we present a new approach to inverting
long-period seismic waveforms. The effect of lateral
heterogeneity is partitioned into two parts. The first part represents
the effect of horizontally averaged structure along the great circle between the source
and receiver, and is allowed to remain in nonlinear form in the formulation. The second part incorporates any further correction due to
cross-branch modal coupling, which has been neglected in the more
conventional path average approximation (PAVA). This term is linearized
and then treated asymptotically so that the seismogram depends only
upon the structure within the great-circle section determined by the
source and receiver (Li & Tanimoto 1993a). We refer to this new method
as the nonlinear asymptotic coupling theory (NACT). The sensitivity kernels predicted by the PAVA and NACT are compared. While
the sensitivity kernels
are similar for surface waves and shallow-turning body waves, they
are very different for body waves which sample the deep mantle.
By examining the inversion algorithms for the PAVA and NACT, we
demonstrate that the computation time required by the NACT tends to be
of the same order of magnitude as that required by the PAVA, as the number of model parameters increases. Based upon a realistically large data set (5041 body-wave seismograms and
1531 mantle-wave seismograms), formal resolution analyses are performed
using both PAVA and NACT. We find that the NACT is significantly more
powerful in resolving three-dimensional structure in the deep mantle.
We compare the
models obtained for the same observed data set using the two approaches. As expected, they are more different in the lower mantle than in the upper mantle. The difference in their amplitude
spectra increases with spherical harmonic degree.
The model developed using the NACT predicts the observed surface geoid better than that developed using the PAVA, based upon geodynamic flow modelling.

--- lavender --->
to SAW24B16 page