The S-velocity structure of Iceland from surface waves and crustal phases: Implications for mantle tomography.

Richard M. Allen Guust Nolet W. Jason Morgan The HOTSPOT Team

Dept. Geosciences, Princeton University, USA.


Abstract submitted to EGS for the Nice meeting 2000

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In an effort to improve our understanding of both the crustal and mantle structure beneath iceland we combine three types of data from two Icelandic networks to derive a crustal S-velocity model and Moho map for Iceland.

Waveform fitting of Love waves from strong earthquakes in Iceland form the basis of our model. These constraints are complemented by Sn travel-time picks and observations of Moho depth from previous studies. We combine all these data sets in a simultaneous linear inversion for the 3-D structure.

The S-velocity structure is dominated by a low velocity anomaly centered on the Bardarbunga-Grimsvotn volcanic complex, the area of two recent eruptions. The magnitude of the anomaly, up to 40%, suggests the presence of partial melts. The Moho map indicates the Icelandic crust is in broad Airy-isostatic equilibrium with the exception of beneath the Vatnajokull glacier. In this region the crust, although the thickest in Iceland at ~36 km, is too thin to compensate for the increased elevation even after corrections for the ice sheet. This implies low densities below the crust in this narrow region. Finally, up to 3 sec of observed teleseismic differential S-arrival times may be the result crustal velocity variations.

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© Richard M Allen